The Influence of Social Networking and Study Habit on...

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING AND READING HABIT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES EKWERIKE ONYEDIKA 090651012 LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO (JULY, 2012) ABSTRACT This paper discusses in details the Research proposal on the influence of social networking and reading habits among university undergraduates. In particular the research will focus on the question â€Å"does social networking and reading habits affects the academic performance of university undergraduates? If it does is the influence positive or negative? In this research proposal, the background, context, and theme of the study are presented: the objectives of the research and research statements are also stated. The scope and methodology to be used are†¦show more content†¦The biggest consumers of social networking sites are youths, many of whom are students, the researcher therefore perceives a problem, that many students would rather spend time social networking than studying their books or paying attention in class. The researcher assumes that this could affect their academic performance adversely. If social networking could affect study habits which in turn could affect academic performance it becomes paramount that the issue be investigated. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Given our very bad economy and high level of poverty, many Nigerians today view education as the key to unlocking the chains of poverty. Many parents therefore are more than ever willing to make sure that their children or wards get educated, even to the point of university education. However just going to the university these days does not guarantee getting a good job, students have to work very hard in order to get good grades, as this increase the market value, most organization in Nigeria for example would not employ graduates with nothing lower than a second class upper division (2.1). Millions of people graduate each year from universities one of the indicators that highlight the student’s qualification is the C.G.P.A, many employees as mentioned earlier use the C.G.P.A to screen out job candidates and would only take candidates with the higher C.G.P.A (Erdem et al, 2007). The importance of good academicShow MoreRelatedEFFECT OF THE SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON THE STUDY HABBITS OF THE STUDENTS1840 Words   |  8 PagesEFFECT OF THE SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON THE STUDY HABBITS OF THE STUDENTS A Research Paper Presented to Ms. Patricia Orpilla By: Ma. Excelsis Dhea T. Arganoza Rose Ann Garcia Kamille Logo Jennifer Capillan Christine Vallejo Michelle Connie Pascual Rainer Rosales INTRODUCTION In our present generations, there a lot of technologies have been deployed to make things easier. One of them is the Social Networking Sites it is very useful in many ways, and it is easy to use by anyone apparently mostRead MoreThe Effects of Social Networking Sites to the Academic Performance of the Students6500 Words   |  26 PagesEffects of Social Networking Sites to Academic Performance of the Students ABSTRACT Title : The Effects of Social Networking to the Academic Performance of the Students The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of social networking to the academic performance of the students of Universidad de Manila. Specifically, it attempted to answer the following questions: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender? 2. 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They become the major channels for people to have contact with each other [2]. Gone were the days when people made connections with others mostly through phone calls or letters. Genera lly, users communicateRead MoreThe Brain, The Hippocampus And The Striatum ( Jacobsen Forste ) Essay1846 Words   |  8 Pagesapproach; however, this area of the brain is for learning habits. Multitasking is usually right for those that want to work on assembly lines. Students that graduate with degrees typically aim for high paying jobs and in order to achieve this they must shut down their laptops and phones and pay attention in their classes. A startling fact is just how dependent and almost fixated college students are when it comes to accessing the internet. 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Numerous students have gained access to multiple kinds of informationRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1298 Words   |  6 PagesIt has been proven that social media usage produces the same effect as love in the brain by activating a chemical, known as dopamine. With that said, teenagers ages 15-19 spend at least three hours each day on various social media platforms. Throughout the past decade, the growth and advancements in technology have allowed for social media to excel more than ever. As social media improves, it becomes a bigger part in people’s daily lives. Due to the fact that the Internet has on ly leaped within theRead MoreEffects of Cyber Addiction1843 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effects of Cyber Addiction in Academic Performance Among Selected First Year Students of San Beda College – Alabang A Research Paper Presented to The Faculty of College of Arts and Sciences Major in Psychology Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Muntinlupa NBP Reservation, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the subject PSY-312B-2 Psychological Research By: Bon, Lady Arriane E. Domanais, Alvin October 2010 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction

Amount Of Pea Seeds Marked Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(25) " divergence of the mean\." In the experiment a method of gauging the population size called â€Å" gaining control – grade – release – recapture † was simulated. The general process is to capture a figure of beings ( random sample ) and tag them ( without harming them or altering their behavior ) . They are so released back into their original population. We will write a custom essay sample on Amount Of Pea Seeds Marked Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The premise is that they will blend with the unmarked persons in a random manner. After a suited clip a 2nd random sample of the population must be captured. A certain proportion of this 2nd sample will be marked from the first gaining control. This is the same proportion as the original first ( marked ) sample was to the full population This technique assumes that birthrate, mortality, in-migration and out-migration is zero.[ 1 ]The simulation of the experiment was based on the exchange of investigated species. Alternatively of carnal persons capable of migrating and reproducing we used pea seeds suited for the research lab conditions. In order to increase the cogency of the probe we divided into four groups and each of them marked different sum of pea seeds. The squads ‘ composing and their undertakings are summarised in the tabular array below. 2 Figure 1 – A image demoing pea seeds Table 1 – The squads composing and differences between the sum of pea seeds marked for each group. Number of the group Group composing Sum of pea seeds marked in the beginning Group 1[ * ] Agata Pydych, Patrycja Rybak, Inez Gordon 120 Group 2 Wiktoria NowaczyA„ska, Urszula PA‚otka 90 Group 3 Jakub Koenner, Joanna Tomaszewska 60 Group 4 Jakub CzerwiA„ski, Marcelina Doering 30 To get down with informations aggregation I am traveling to show the informations obtained by all the groups in the tabular array below: Table 2 – Complete informations obtained by all groups in the experiment Number of pronounced persons in the sample / Entire figure of persons in the sample ( A ± 1 seed )[ 3 ] Entire figure of persons in a stock ( A ± 1 seed ) Number of the sample 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Group 1* 31/343 27/237 20/317 37/334 28/311 1539 Group 2 19/360 18/358 19/335 16/347 19/355 1598 Group 3 13/351 13/336 13/324 11/364 20/360 1557 Group 4 5/335 5/305 11/301 6/314 8/320 1403 To get down with informations treating I am traveling to cipher the mean value representative for both figure of pronounced persons in the sample and entire figure of persons in the sample in each group severally. In order to find the mean values I am traveling to utilize the expression below. 4 where: x – is a value obtained in one sample n – is a figure of all samples in a measuring Mean – is the mean value First, I am traveling to cipher the average value for figure of pronounced persons in the sample in my group ( Group 1 ) . The mean values must be rounded off to an whole number figure as it represents the sum of persons. Example, Mean = = 28.6 a†°? 29 The other values were calculated in the same method. The consequences are shown in the tabular array below. Table 3 – The average values calculated for the informations obtained in five samples Average figure of pronounced persons ( A ± 1 seed ) Average entire figure of persons ( A ± 1 seed ) Entire figure of persons in a stock ( A ± 1 seed ) Group 1* 29 308 1539 Group 2 18 351 1598 Group 3 14 347 1557 Group 4 7 315 1403 In order to increase cogency of my consequences I am traveling to cipher the Standard Deviation. The standard divergence is the step that is most frequently used to depict variableness in informations distributions. It can be thought of as a unsmooth step of the mean sum by which observations deviate on either side of the mean. As the investigated population is non infinite, for ciphering the standard divergence of a sample alteration the denominator from n to n-1.[ 5 ]The expression is given below: where: x – is a value obtained in one measuring – is the mean of the values n – is a figure of measurings SD – is the standard divergence Using the values recorded by my group I am traveling to cipher the standard divergence of the figure of pronounced persons and the entire figure of persons severally. The first computation is shown below: Example, SD = = a†°? 6.20 ( 3 important figures ) The value for standard divergence of the entire figure of persons was calculated in the same method. The consequences are shown in the tabular array below. Table 4 – The values for standard divergence calculated for the informations recorded by my group Standard Deviation ( persons ) Standard Deviation ( % ) ( rectify to 3 important figures ) Average figure of pronounced individuals/ Average entire figure of persons Group 1[ * ] 6.20/41.9 21.4/13.6 Group 2 1.30/10.2 7.22/2.91 Group 3 3.46/16.8 24.7/4.84 Group 4 2.55/13.4 36.4/4.25 Having the information for standard divergence completed I am traveling to plot graphs demoing consequences sing all groups with the standard divergence indicated. The graphs are given below: Graph 1 – My group ‘s consequences demoing mean figure of pronounced persons and entire persons in a sample with the standard divergence indicated on the bars Graph 2 – Consequences obtained by the Group 2 demoing mean figure of pronounced persons and entire persons in a sample with the standard divergence indicated on the bars Graph 3 – Consequences obtained by the Group 3 demoing mean figure of pronounced persons and entire persons in a sample with the standard divergence indicated on the bars Graph 4 – Consequences obtained by the Group 4 demoing mean figure of pronounced persons and entire persons in a sample with the standard divergence indicated on the bars On the footing of calculated informations for standard divergence I am able determine the distribution of this information. The Empirical Rule is a regulation of pollex that applies to informations sets with frequence distributions that are mound-shaped and symmetric: Approximately 68 % of the measurings will fall within 1 standard divergence of the mean. You read "Amount Of Pea Seeds Marked Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Approximately 95 % of the measurings will fall within 2 standard divergences of the mean. Approximately 99.7 % ( basically all ) of the measurings will fall within 3 standard divergences of the mean.[ 6 ] Hence, in order to find the distribution of values stand foring my informations set, per centum values of standard divergence must be multiplied by a factor of 2 as they concern distribution on both sides of the mean. Example, 21.4 A- 2 = 42.8 The other values were calculated in the same method. The consequences are shown in the tabular array below. Table 5 – Summary of information sing standard divergence Standard Deviation ( % ) Sum of values of per centum standard divergence refering both sides of the mean ( % ) Number of standard divergence within which the value falls harmonizing to the Empirical Rule ( rectify to 3 important figures ) Average figure of pronounced persons Group 1[ * ] 21.4 42.8 1 Group 2 7.22 14.4 1 Group 3 24.7 49.4 1 Group 4 36.4 72.8 2 Average entire figure of persons Group 1 13.6 27.2 1 Group 2 2.91 5.82 1 Group 3 4.84 9.68 1 Group 4 4.25 8.50 1 Subsequently I am traveling to cipher the per centum of the distribution within 1 and 2 standard divergence. The expression for ciphering per centum is given below: 7 where: a – is a figure of copiousness of one value b – is a entire figure of all values % – is a per centum value Example, The value calculated above represents the per centum value of copiousness of the information set obtained in the probe within 1 standard divergence. Subtracting this value from 100 % gives the value stand foring copiousness of informations within 2 standard divergence. Hence, 100 % + 87.5 % = 12.5 % The consequences are performed in the tabular array below. Table 6 – Percentage values calculated for copiousness of values within 1 and 2 standard divergences Percentage value ( % ) ( rectify to 3 important figures ) Valuess falling within 1 standard divergence 87.5 Valuess falling within 2 standard divergence 12.5 8 Figure 2 – A graph demoing per centum of normal distribution tonss in each interval Aiming to cipher the estimated population size I am traveling to utilize Lincoln Index. Establishing on the undermentioned proportion: Where: n1 – figure of pronounced persons in the beginning ( presented in the Table 1 ) n2 – mean entire figure of persons in the sample n3 – mean figure of pronounced persons in the sample N – figure of persons in the entire population I am able to infer to formula for the entire size of the population which is given below: Example, The other values were calculated in the same method. The consequences are shown in the Table 7. In order to enable the comparing of degree of truth for each group I am traveling to cipher the per centum disagreement utilizing the expression given below: 9 Where: a – experimental value b – theoretical value Example, The other values were calculated in the same method. The consequences are shown in the tabular array below. Table 7 – Comparison of deliberate value of the population size and the value obtained via manus numeration Entire figure of persons in a stock ( A ± 1 seed ) Estimated population size ( A ± 1 seed ) Percentage disagreement ( right to 3 important figures, % ) Group 1[ * ] 1539 1274 17.2 Group 2 1598 1755 9.82 Group 3 1557 1487 4.50 Group 4 1403 1350 3.78 Subsequently I am traveling to plot the graph in order to show in the graphical signifier the difference between the values obtained after holding counted peas seeds during the exercising and the values obtained after holding applied the Lincoln index. Graph 5 – The comparing of the values of population size obtained utilizing computations affecting Lincoln Index and manual numeration during the exercising. The standard divergence of estimated values and uncertainness of manual numeration is indicated on the mistake bars. Additionally I am traveling to plot a graph demoing per centum disagreement between values obtained after using Lincoln index and the values obtained after manual computations of pea seeds. The graph is given below: Graph 6 – The per centum disagreement between theoretical and estimated population size Conclusion A ; Evaluation To get down with I can state that the values obtained are irrelevant. As can be seen on the Graph 6 the per centum difference lessening with lessening in the figure of pronounced persons which is contradictory to the premise. It is expected that the bigger figure of pronounced persons, the bigger cogency of the consequences. Such consequences are non triggered by inaccurate measurings which is provided by computation of standard divergence ( Table 5 ) . 87.5 % of the values of standard divergence autumn within 1 standard divergence on the graph of normal distribution which leads to a decisions that the spread of values around the mean is little ( Table 6 ) . This information suggests that the measurings itself are valid. Hence, the ground of such unexpected reciprocality lies is a different country. Notwithstanding, the major restriction of the process was excessively little sum of measurings. Harmonizing to the literature[ 10 ], sing a sample investigated at least eight measurings m ust be undertaken. In conformity with Paetkau ( 2004 )[ 11 ], changing sample size of pronounced persons does non impact the value of estimated population size. Apart from this, with the addition of the sum of pronounced persons, the estimated population size additions, get downing from being underestimated, through cut downing this prejudice, up to a point where the values start to be overestimated.[ 12 ]Therefore, as the consequences are contradictory to the premise, the process itself must be invalid. It must be taken into consideration that the Markss applied by a marker could hold be randomly removed from some sum of pea seeds. The sum of seeds is impossible to find, therefore it can non be assumed to be the ground of such disagreement for certain. Another failing of the process is that in malice of that fact that each group used the same container to roll up samples it was hardly impossible to avoid semilunar cartilage mistake due to round form of pea seeds. Merely in the instance of liquids exact sum of investigated substance can be determined. In order to avoid this job the simulation of the capture-mark-release-recapture method could be conducted utilizing smaller and flattened persons like lentil. Further drawback was elongated in clip manual numeration of pea seeds. Although this is the lone method for obtaining information about the entire figure of persons in the stock it could be facilitated if more people were involved in numbering. Therefore, I would propose working in bigger groups. Due to uneven sum of pupils in the category my group was composed of three people thanks to which one of us recounted the seeds in order to increase the certainty. However, other groups did non hold an chance to obtain such support. It could be argued whether the process might be considered as dependable or non. This estimation of population size relies on a figure of premises. One of them is that population demands to hold really low in-migration and out-migration. In the instance of pea seeds the lone migrating activity could be noted when seeds fell from the tabular array which could be applied merely to out-migration. However, such state of affairs did non occurred in our experiment in important sum. It is besides stated that births and deceases are negligible, nevertheless in the instance of pea seeds this phenomena can non be taken into consideration at all. The seeds can non be analysed neither on the degree of their mobility, dispersion within a geographical country, mortality, birthrate nor conspicuousness to marauders.[ 13 ]Merely the premise that organisms mix indiscriminately within the populations can be referred to this simulation. Besides random halving of seeds can be considered as reproduction. It could be besides mentioned that due to utilizing pea seeds, ethical issues were conserved as investigated persons were non harmed by taging method. Another positive facet was that the method of capturing had no consequence on the persons. In existent instances where carnal populations are being investigated, being captured can be pleasant or harmful which distorts the cogency of consequences. How to cite Amount Of Pea Seeds Marked Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Corporate Finance Funding and Capital Structure

Question: Describe about the Corporate Finance for Funding and Capital Structure. Answer: Introduction Corporate Finance is the field of finance which deals with the source of funding and capital structure of the organizations. The main objectives of the corporate finance are to increase the value of the company to the stakeholders of the firm and the optimal allocation of the financial resources. Wesfarmers has been chosen for this report. 1: Wesfarmers is a conglomerate company in Australia. The company has a lot of operations in various field of business like retail, coal mining, fertilizing, chemicals and many others. Wesfarmers has a very attractive dividend policy for their shareholders. As per the adopted dividend policy of Wesfarmers, the company believes in delivering growing dividends each tear. It defies that the company use to increase the percentage of dividends each and every year. However, the amount of dividend depends on various factors like the earning of the company, cash flows and available franking credits. Over the years, the company has been giving a significant amount of money as the dividend. Wesfarmers has given $ 1,070 million in the year 2015 and $ 1,247 million in the year 2016 as the final dividend to its shareholders (www.wesfarmers.com.au 2016). Payout Ratio (2015) = Dividends/Net Income = $ 1,247 million/$ 2,440 million = 0.51 (approx) Payout Ratio (2016) = Dividends/Net Income = $ 1,070 million/$ 407 million = 2.63 (approx) Dividend Yield for the year 2015 was 4.74 per cent and for the year 2016 was 4.74 also. 2: The most appropriate way to convey the financial information to the market is the annual report of the company. A well designed annual report of a company reflects the true image of the financial position of that company. In this case, the dividend policy is an important tool. A strong dividend policy helps to create a good image of the company to the investors. In the case of Wesfarmers, the company has declared its dividend policy in the annual report of the year 2016. As per the policy, Wesfarmers wants to increase the rate of dividend each year based on the financial performance of the company (Rondi et al. 2013). The marginal stockholders of the company are the other companies, groups, individuals and many others (www.wesfarmers.com.au 2016). As per annual reports of the company, the company use to give as dividends as well as issue buyback shares. Wesfarmers has a more lucrative dividend policy compared to the other firms in the same sector. 3: Wesfarmers is a company which is well known for its remuneration structure for the directors and the executives. The company follows a certain structure while giving remuneration and incentives to the senior management. The remuneration structure of Wesfarmers for the senior management is consists of three parts. They are the fixed annual remuneration, short term annual incentives and long term annual incentives (McNulty, Florackis and Ormrod 2013). The structure implies that the senior management is subjected to receive a fixed portion of remuneration irrespective of their performance. On the other hand, there is some short term as well as long term incentive plans for the senior management of the company. As per the guideline principles, the incentive structure for the senior managers should in such a way that it encourages the senior management act as the owners of the company. The short term and long term incentives are given to the senior management as per their performance t o run the business of Wesfarmers (Pepper, Gore and Crossman 2013). 4: The main objective of Wesfarmers is to create a strong portfolio of business that will provide the satisfactory return to the investors of the company (www.wesfarmers.com.au 2016). There is a strong relationship between the objective of the organization and the remuneration plan of the senior management of Wesfarmers. The objectives are feasible and can be benefitted by the remuneration plan as the success of an organization depends on the performance of the senior management team. Looking at the improving economic condition of Australia, the current economic condition of Wesfarmers is growing towards high. However, the economic recession will hinder the way of the plan. The shareholders will take the remuneration plan in a good way as the plan will help them to gain higher returns; but there are some economic critics who can react to the plan in an adverse way. Conclusion As per the whole report, it can be seen that Wesfarmers has a dividend policy which allows the shareholders to gain more percentage of dividends every year. On the other hand, remuneration and incentive plan of Wesfarmers helps to achieve the ultimate objective of the company. References McNulty, T., Florackis, C. and Ormrod, P., 2013. Boards of directors and financial risk during the credit crisis.Corporate Governance: An International Review,21(1), pp.58-78. Pepper, A., Gore, J. and Crossman, A., 2013. Are long?term incentive plans an effective and efficient way of motivating senior executives?.Human Resource Management Journal,23(1), pp.36-51. Rondi, L., Cambini, C., Bremberger, F. and Gugler, K., 2013.Dividend Policy in Regulated Firms. University Library of Munich, Germany. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2016).docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=8. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=8 [Accessed 22 Oct. 2016]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2016).Investors. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/investor-centre [Accessed 22 Oct. 2016]. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2016).Who we are. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/who-we-are/who-we-are [Accessed 22 Oct. 2016].